商标的翻译方法有哪些？？？ 商标是语2113言文字和民族文化的统一体，在进行商标的英5261汉互译时应充分考虑4102影响英汉商标翻译的各种因素，1653考虑英汉两个民族在语言、文化和审美情趣的差异，采用灵活多样的方法，力求音意俱佳，给消费者留下深刻印象，激发其购买欲望，从而达到与原商标同样的促销功能。在实际操作中，在遵守英汉互译时的一些基本原则的基础上，可根据具体情况采用音译法、意译法、音意兼译法、增字法和减音法。 （一）音译法 音译法，即把原语商标中的音翻译成发音相似或相同的目的语的翻译法，可分为纯音译法和谐音译法两种。纯音译法也称为直接音译法，即根据外文商标词的读音，选择读音相同或相近的汉字组合在一起，这些词组在汉语中常常没有任何意义。纯音译法保留了原文商标的音韵美和呼唤功能，如Motorola摩托罗拉(手机)、Sony索尼(彩电)，Kodak柯达(胶卷)。谐音译法也称谐音双关法，即在翻译时选取能激起中国消费者美好联想的谐音词汇或词组。因为汉字有很多同音异义字，因此在翻译时可自由选择发音响亮、意境优美的字来表现。 Arche译为“雅倩”、Pantene译为“潘婷”，既保留了原音音节的响亮，同时选用“倩”、“婷”等表现女性的秀美汉字更突出了化妆品的的商品特色。 （二）意译法 意译法，即把按照原语商标中的词的实际意思翻译成意思相同或者相似的目的语的翻译法。此处的“意译”不同于与“直译”（literal translation）相对的“意译”(free translation)。商标的意译只是将原商标的意思用译入语表示出来，包括直译法和创新性翻译法。直译法是指直接传达原文语义的翻译方法，此法忠实于原文商标的含义，但常常局限于在原语和译语中都寓意优雅的商标。如英文商标Blue Bird(轿车名)典出获诺贝尔文学奖的童话剧Blue Bird，剧中的Blue Bird象征幸福。而汉译“蓝鸟”又激发了我国消费者的美好联想，“蓝鸟”即“青鸟”。消费者很快会联想到唐朝李商隐的诗句：“蓬山此去无多路，青鸟殷勤为探看”，青鸟乃蓬莱仙境的使者，因此“蓝鸟”的翻译就是直译法。 （三）音意兼译法 音意兼译法，即对部分商标词采取意译，部分商标词采取音译的翻译方法。这种翻译方法以原商标的音为基础，在译入语中找到发音与原文相同或相似同时又反映出产品一定特性的词汇。如Simmons翻译成“席梦思”，不仅音与原文相似，而且“席梦思”让人联想到甜美的梦幻。或者翻译出原商标的部分意思，另外加上音译。例如：Goldlion的字面意思就是“金狮”，而是翻译成“金利来”。音意兼顾翻译的商标词除了代表某一产品外，商标词还有一定的含义，即：使人联想到该产品的特性。公认的音意兼顾翻译最为成功的例子是Coca Ccla的汉译“可口可乐”既与原文音相同也反映出这种产品的特点，一看“可口可乐”就知道是供人们引用或食用的。此外“可口可乐”给人的联想意义也非常好。 （四）减音法 减音法，即把英文商标中过长的音进行删除的翻译方法。英文商标在译成中文后多易采用两字或三字的形式，双音节符合中国人的审美习惯和时代的发展趋势；三字商标则多起源于中国传统的老字号，如“同仁堂，“全聚德”等。故把英文商标中过长的音删去是必要的。中文译名可减原名的多音节为二字或三字商标。如McDonald’s旧的音译是“麦克当劳”，就不如节音后的“麦当劳”上口。 （五）增字法 增字法，即在译出主要音节后再加上与商品特征相符合的自得翻译方法。在译出原名的主要音节后，可根据需要加上符合商品特征或是关键意义的字，以突出产品的宣传性，吸引消费者。加字的一条原则是所加的字在意义和音色上要与原商标相称。否则就会画蛇添足，多而不当。例如：Colgate译为“高露洁”，“洁”字体现了牙膏的清洁作用，Pepsi译为“百事可乐”等都属于使用增词法来进行商标的翻译。 由此看来，尽管商标言语简洁，但翻译起来难度却很大。只有善于揣摩消费者的消费心理，尊重民族习惯，恰到好处地运用商标翻译的各种方法和技巧，才会使译标在商战中独领风骚，从而引导消费、促进消费。一种好的商品，加上一个动听上口的名字，无异于锦上添花。好的商标翻译体现了翻译技术与审美艺术的完美结合，同时可带来好的商品效应。 汉译英 商标翻译的方法 (1) transliteration method The method, namely, the original trademark translation into pronunciation sounds similar or identical purpose language translation method, which can be divided into pure translation and translation homophonic two. Pure translation is also called direct method, i.e. transliteration words according to the foreign languagetrademark pronunciation, choose the same or similar characters together, these phrases in Chinese often have no meaning. The original trademark translation reserve pure beauty and calling the phonological features, such as Motorola, Motorola (mobile), Sony Sony (TV), Kodak (film) Kodak. Homophonic translation also called homophonic pun, namely when translation can arouse Chinese consumers choose good words or phrases of the association. Because there are many Chinese characters, thus homonym freedom of choice in translation, beautiful pronunciation loud words. "Benjamin is Arche", is attractive "ting" Pantene, keeps the sound of loud, "qian", "on the beautiful woman" characters more outstanding cosmetics products. (2) free translation Finally, the original trademark in accordance with the actual meaning of words in the same or similar meaning translated into the target language translation. This is different from the "free" with "translation" (literal translation "maybe) relatively free" (maybe). The trademark translation of the original trademark will only use the language, including the literal translation and innovative translation. Literal translation is to convey the original semantic translation directly, this loyalty to the original meaning of trademark, but often YuZaiYuan limitations and pragmatic meaning of elegant trademark. If English trademark Blue Bird (car) awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in the Blue of pantomime Bird Bird Blue, the symbol of happiness. But Chinese "bluebird and inspired our consumer associations, the beautiful blue jays" namely ""." Consumers will soon to tang poetry: "three go without much pengshan this way, after watching", diligent for exploration of birds is penglai, angel fairyland bluebird translation is the literal translation. (3) sound mind and translation Sound mind and translation, namely to take part, part of brand trademark translation methods adopted transliteration words. The original trademark translation methods based on the sound, the pronunciation and found in the same or similar products must also reflects the characteristics of vocabulary. If Simmons translated as "xi mengsai", not only with the original sound similar, but "xi mengsai" lets a person associate to sweet dreams. The original trademark translation or part of the meaning, plus transliteration. Example: Goldlion"s literally means "dao", but translated as "JinLiLai". Note the trademark translation word meaning both represent a certain products but also have certain words, trademark, namely: reminiscent of the product. Generally means the most successful both sound translation examples of Coca is Ccla the translation of "Coca-Cola" YuanWenYin with same also reflects the characteristics of this product, a see "Coca-Cola" is for people to quote or edible. Besides "Coca-Cola" give meaning is very good. (4) decrease sound Decrease sound method, i.e. the English trademarks in long note to delete the translation methods. English trademarks in translated into Chinese by two more easily after a dirty word or form of Chinese aesthetic bi-syllable conforms to the development trend of The Times and habits, Dirty mark is originated from China time-honored tradition, such as "tong" quanjude ", etc. So long in the English trademarks sound cut is necessary. Chinese translation can reduce the name for two or more syllables. As a dirty mark, McDonald"s old "mike when", as the day after the sound McDonald"s side. (5) increase words Increasing words in translation, namely after the main syllables and features plus consistent translation methods of complacency. In translation, after the main syllable name according to need to add features with goods or key meaning to highlight the propaganda, attract consumer products. Add a principle is the word in the word meaning and tone with the original trademark in proportion. Otherwise it will, and improper. For example: Colgate translated as ", "" clean" Colgate toothpaste word reflects the cleaning effect, Pepsi translated as "Pepsi cola" belong to lexical use to increase the trademark translation. Thus, despite the trademark translation and concise, but words but very difficult. Only the ability of consumer psychology, respecting national habits and properly use the trademark translation methods and techniques, just can make the standard in the war of leading consumer, promoting consumption. A good commodities, plus a pleasant two-syllable name means. Good trademark translation embodies the translation techniques and the perfect combination of art aesthetics, also can bring good commodities effect. 关于商标的英语翻译的汇总 英语商标蓝色鸟(汽车)授予诺贝尔